Subwoofer wiring diagrams
How to hook up your subs for powerful bass
In this article, we'll help you find the best way to connect your subs to your amp. We begin with some basic – and important – subwoofer and amplifier terms. But if you want, you can skip straight to the wiring diagrams.
There are many ways to wire subwoofers and amplifiers together. The ideal setup is when subs and amps match their impedance and power capabilities to optimize performance.
Power with care
The diagrams show wiring configurations for amplifiers and subwoofers that have already been matched for power capabilities. You should never connect subs to an amp that could give them more power than their total watts RMS power ratings. Doing so could damage the subs or the amp. See How to match subs and amps for further guidance.
Here's an example diagram for connecting two 4-ohm DVC subs to a mono-channel amplifier:

Wiring terms you need to know
The diagrams are below, but first let's explain a few important terms.
SVC
A single voice coil sub with two wiring terminal posts, one marked positive and the other marked negative.
DVC
A dual voice coil sub with four wiring terminal posts, two positive terminals and two negative terminals. This gives you more options for wiring the sub in different situations.
Ohms
The impedance load, or resistance against the amplifier's output signal, of a subwoofer coil. Subwoofer voice coils usually come in 2-ohm, 4-ohm, or 8-ohm impedances. The value is often found printed on the magnet, if you're unsure of what you have.
Series wiring and parallel wiring
These terms refer to two ways of routing the speaker wires to properly manage the overall impedance load. Whether you need to use a series wiring configuration, parallel wiring, or a mix of both, our diagrams will show you exactly the best way to wire your speakers, without using confusing technical terms.
When you wire dual voice coils and multiple subs together, the resulting total impedance is not always simple to figure out or practical to use. In the example diagram above, the voice coils of each sub are wired together in series, while the two subs themselves are wired together in parallel.
Amplifier output
An amplifier will put out more power through a low-impedance sub than it will through a high-impedance sub. But a lower impedance also means more stress on the amp. Some amplifiers (marked “low-imp” in the links below) can even drive a 1-ohm load safely, and achieve maximum output. Refer to your amp manufacturer or owner's manual to determine whether or not yours can handle a low-impedance load.
Bridged mode
Bridging an amp combines two amplifier channels into one, to get more power. The disadvantage of bridging is that bridged channels can't drive impedance loads as low as they can when unbridged. The proper way to bridge the amp is usually indicated at the amp's speaker wire terminals. For more information, read our How to bridge an amplifier article.
Wire
All the wires depicted in the Subwoofer Wiring Diagrams are speaker wires. For wiring subwoofers, we recommend using wires of 12- to 16-gauge in size.

Find the right wiring diagram
Now, let's get those subs hooked up! All of our wiring diagrams are listed below. Select the diagram for the number and type of subs you have. Depending on your gear, there might be more than one way to safely wire the subs.
- 2 SVC 2-ohm subs, 2ch amp: 2 x 2 ohms
- 2 SVC 4-ohm subs, 2ch amp: 2 x 4 ohms
- 2 SVC 4-ohm subs, 2ch low-imp amp: 2 ohms
- 2 SVC 8-ohm subs, 2ch amp: 4 ohms
- 2 DVC 2-ohm subs, 2ch amp: 2 x 4 ohms
- 2 DVC 2-ohm subs, 2ch low-imp amp: 2 ohms
- 2 DVC 4-ohm subs, 2ch amp: 2 x 2 ohms
- 2 DVC 4-ohm subs, bridged 2ch amp: 4 ohms
A note about multi-channel amplifiers
5-channel amplifiers are a popular way to get "full system" power in one box — four channels to drive your four speakers, plus a fifth, higher-powered channel for your subwoofer. 6- and 8-channel amps are similar and offer even more flexibility. When it comes to connecting subwoofers to these amps, keep it simple:
- If you're connecting your sub(s) to the subwoofer channel, treat it like a mono-channel amplifier.
- If you're bridging two channels of your amp, simply treat it as a bridged 2-channel amp.
Start building your bass system today
Now that you've seen how to wire subwoofers and amplifiers together, you can knowledgeably shop Crutchfield's extensive selection of subwoofers and amplifiers. We also carry amp wiring kits, speaker wire, RCA cables, capacitors, and much more.
Contact us by phone, chat, or email and an Advisor will help you get what you need. If you want to learn more about amplifier systems, check out our Amplifier Installation Guide.
Candace from Englewood
Posted on 9/20/2023
Sorry to update my last comment they are single terminal dvc setup with an integrated impedance selector 1ohm -4 ohm option SKU V122DV2 Sub size 12" Nominal impedance (ohms) 2O RMS Rating 450w Max Power rating 1300w SPL (db) 84.8 Re ( ohm )[series] 2.0 / 2.0 I will have to take them out of the box to see what impedance they are set at could you still show me the wiring diagrams for each impedance setting?
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 9/20/2023
Candace from Englewood
Posted on 9/14/2023
I have a kenwood excelon x500-1mono amp and two 12inSVC Cerwinvegas 450 rms 2 ohm stable what wiring diagram do I use? thanks !
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 9/15/2023
Enrique from Ansonia
Posted on 8/26/2023
Hi, I'm am trying to replace my factory sub which is a dual 1.2ohm sub. Can I use a dual 2ohm sub as I am unable to find a dual 1.2ohm sub? I'm trying to replace my factory Ford explorer sub and keeping the factory sub at the same time. Thanks for any info
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 8/28/2023
Jack from Canada
Posted on 8/12/2023
I have a 12" Audiobahn Immortal sub with Quad 2ohm Voice coils. How do I wire it properly to 2 ohm for a mono block amp? The Sub is confusing because the positive and negative terminals are doubled at each location.
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 8/15/2023
Tateo from Tacoma wa
Posted on 8/1/2023
How to wire two amp
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 8/1/2023
Lashawn Jones from Jackson
Posted on 7/30/2023
I need you to give me a call tomorrow
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 7/31/2023
Steve
Posted on 7/25/2023
Hello! I have an AudioControl D-4.800 4 channel amp. It is currently wired with channels 1 & 2 feeding four satellites (each 4 ohms). They are wired in parallel, two to each channel. Channels 3 & 4 are bridged & wired to a single SVC 4 ohm sub. If I wanted to add a second sub (same as the first), should I do one to each channel (3 & 4), or can I wire them in series to the bridged channels (8 ohms total)? I would prefer the two in series, as this is on a boat, and fishing a new set of wires will not be easy. But I don't want to break anything, or under-power the subs. The amp is 400 watts into 4 ohms when bridged, and the sub (JL Audio M3-10IB-C-GW-4) is rated for 175 watts RMS, so I am concerned that I am overpowering the sub. I'm hoping that putting two in series would prevent that.
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 7/26/2023
James Downs
Posted on 7/21/2023
I have this amp connected to the back of my ILX head unit: Alpine-KTA-450-Power-Pack. I have this sub I am going to be hooking up: Kicker-CompR-48CWR104. Its a 4ohm sub, and only doing a single. The amp is 4 channel. What is the best way for a single Sub on a 4 channel amp in this configuration?
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 7/21/2023
Tyler from Denver
Posted on 7/17/2023
I have two DS18 12inch 4 ohm subwoofers, they are both rated for 800 rms each. What would be the best amp to run them both at their rated rms, in a two terminal box?
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 7/17/2023
Taramps User
Posted on 6/29/2023
Hello I got 2 ( smart 3 taramps ) and a pair of HD12 D2 dvc subs, what is the best way to get these wired downt to 1 ohm using both amps
Buck Pomerantz from Crutchfield
on 6/29/2023